Oil of turpentine
Oil of turpentine
CAS: 8006-64-2
Molecular Formula: C12H20O7
Oil of turpentine - Names and Identifiers
Oil of turpentine - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C12H20O7 |
| Molar Mass | 276.283 |
| Density | 0.86 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -55 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 153-175 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 86°F |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble in water |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol |
| Vapor Presure | 4 mm Hg ( −6.7 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 4.84 (−7 °C, vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 0.850-0.868 |
| Color | Clear Colorless |
| Odor | Pungent |
| Stability | Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with chlorine, strong oxidizers. |
| Explosive Limit | 0.80-6% |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.515 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless to pale yellow oily liquid, with rosin odor; Vapor pressure 2.67kPa/51.4 ℃; Flash point: 35 ℃; Boiling point 154~170 ℃; Solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, chloroform, most organic solvents such as ether; Density: Relative density (water = 1)0.85~0.87; Relative density (Air = 1)4.84; Stability: Stable |
| Use | Used as paint solvent, synthetic camphor, adhesive, plastic plasticizer, also used in pharmaceutical, leather industry |
Oil of turpentine - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R10 - Flammable |
| Safety Description | S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S46 - If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. |
| UN IDs | UN 1299 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | YO8400000 |
| HS Code | 38051000 |
| Hazard Class | 3.2 |
| Packing Group | III |
Oil of turpentine - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Downstream Products | alpha-pinene bornan-2-one Camphene Alpha-Terpineol, mixture of Alpha- and Gamma-terpineol |
Oil of turpentine - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
The main component of turpentine is pinene. Colorless liquid with pungent Rosin odor. Can not be mixed with water, lighter than water. Soluble in alcohol, with oil, benzene, chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide miscible. Because turpentine is a multi-component mixture, the physicochemical constants vary widely.
Such as the boiling point of 153~175 deg C. The relative density of 0.860~0.875. The refractive index is 1.463 to 483. Flash point 32~46 deg C. Ignition point: 253 ℃. Because of the double bond, it can carry out oxidation, nitrification and hydrogenation reaction. It is easy to oxidize and polymerize in air to form a resin-like substance.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Oil of turpentine - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
turpentine was obtained by steam distillation or organic solvent extraction with resin and pine seed as raw materials. Medicinal turpentine and excellent turpentine were obtained by vacuum distillation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:54:38
Oil of turpentine - Use
Open Data Verified Data
This product is an excellent solvent, widely used in the manufacture of paint, pseudo paint drying agent and adhesive. Can also be used for the preparation of plastic plasticizer, pesticide toxaphene, terpineol, borneol and camphor. In medicine, can be used for the preparation of external use and so on.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:54:38
Oil of turpentine - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
This product is non-toxic, with galvanized iron drum packaging, 16 5kg per barrel.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:54:39
Oil of turpentine - Reference Information
| FEMA | 3089 | TURPENTINE, STEAM DISTILLED (PINUS SPP.) |
| LogP | 0.78-6.3 at 20℃ |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| essential oil | turpentine is a kind of essential oil, is currently the largest yield of essential oils. It is an aromatic volatile oil obtained by distillation or extraction of oleoresin exuded from Pinus massoniana Lamb, Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. With a special fragrance, it is composed of a mixture of hydrocarbons, which contains a large number of terpene compounds. According to the different sources of raw materials are divided into 4 kinds of turpentine, Wood Turpentine, sulfate turpentine and turpentine. (1) the liquid oil distilled from the cut rosin by steam or other methods is called turpentine. (2) The macadamia seed chips are extracted with an organic solvent, and the obtained extract is distilled out of the solvent first, and then distilled with steam to obtain wood turpentine (extracted turpentine). (3) with pine as the main raw material, when making pulp with sulfate, the mixed gas from cooking wood chips is condensed and separated to obtain crude sulfate turpentine, after rectification, the sulfate turpentine was obtained. (4) the turpentine obtained from retorting macadamia seed is called turpentine. |
| distribution of producing areas | The world's major turpentine producers are China, the United States, the Soviet Union, Portugal, Mexico, India, Sweden, etc. China, the Soviet Union, Portugal, Mexico, India and other countries to produce turpentine-based; The United States, Sweden, the main production of sulfate turpentine. Most of the Chinese turpentine was extracted from Pinus massoniana pine resin in the southern provinces (autonomous regions), and a small amount of it was extracted from Pinus yunnanensis, Simao pine, Pinus massoniana and Pinus elliottii. Jilin province has a small amount of wood turpentine production. Sulfate Turpentine is produced only in larger paper mills in Heilongjiang and Fujian provinces. Turpentine was obtained in the production of pine tar in the Northeast forest region and the southern forest region. |
| The main component of turpentine | turpentine is a mixture of terpenes, and its composition varies depending on the source of raw materials and processing methods. The composition of turpentine is: ① turpentine. The light fraction obtained by distillation of rosin is Superior Oil. Europe's coast pine, European pine, China's Tibet's Alpine pine turpentine contains more Delta 3-Carene. (2) turpentine. In addition to pinene and a variety of monoterpenes that vary with tree species, there is still a high boiling point fraction of terpene alcohol. The composition of Pinus koraiensis turpentine produced in Jilin province of China is as follows: α-pinene 64%,β-pinene 6%, camphene 8%, δ3-pinene 9.6%, dipentene 6.2%, terpinene 3.2%, unknown ingredient 3.0%. ③ sulfate turpentine. The crude sulfate turpentine from Heilongjiang province of China, which was obtained after one-step rectification, was composed of α-pinene 69%,β-pinene 3%, δ3-carene 12%, Α-limonene 7%, monocyclic terpene 4%, high boiling point Component 5%, sulfur content less than 0.013%. ④ dry distillation turpentine. The light fraction of the dry distillation of the seed is washed by the alkali solution and then distilled to obtain the dry distillation turpentine, which is related to the processing technology. The starting product contained more pinene, and with the increase of the dry distillation temperature, the content of dipentene and the hydrocarbon content of the flower was increased. |
| toxicity | LC50 of rats was 20g/m3(1H),12g/m3(6h). Mouse lc5029 g/m3(2H). Oral turpentine 150ml can cause death. |
| the role and use of turpentine | turpentine is widely used as a chemical raw material, in the art glass, paint, camphor manufacturing, pharmaceutical, rosin production and other industries have the opportunity to come into contact with turpentine. turpentine is an excellent solvent with strong ability to dissolve organic matter. It is traditionally used in paint, drier, ointment, shoe polish, adhesive and medicine. A number of new products have been developed in the synthesis of chemicals and fragrances through reprocessing using the major components of turpentine. (1) synthesis of terpineol: α-pinene was synthesized into hydrated terpene diol by easy ring-opening water under the catalysis of sulfuric acid, the Hydrous terpene diol dehydrates 1 molecule of water under the action of dilute acid to obtain terpene alcohol mixture, the main component is α-terpineol (see terpineol, pine oil). (2) synthesis of camphor: under the action of titanium dioxide, pinene isomeric formation of Carene. Isobornyl Ester is produced by the reaction of pinene with formic acid or glacial acetic acid, and isoborneol is obtained by hydrolysis. Camphor was synthesized by re-dehydrogenation. (3) linalool: α-pinene is hydrogenated to pinane, which is oxidized to peroxide by air and reduced to obtain linalool, which is then thermally cleaved to obtain linalool, is a large variety of spices, And synthesis of vitamin E intermediates, esterification of linalyl acetate and other esters. (4)β-pinene is pyrolyzed into myrcene, which is the most abundant intermediate of perfume. With myrcene can be prepared geraniol, nerol, new L-alkenal, citrus aldehyde and with ambergris and Ampelopsis of the rosilium and strong animal flavor of bicycloenenenitrile, Ling Tan lactone, etc. Linalyl acetate can be obtained from Hydrochlorination of myrcene followed by reaction with sodium acetate, and Linalool can also be obtained by saponification. (5) Chinese masson pine turpentine contains more sesquiterpene Longifolene and caryophyllene. Longifolene, which can be isomerized into isosingene under the catalysis of acid, is a raw material of isocarylidone, epoxyisosanane, hydroxymethyl isocarylinene acetate and the like, and all of them have woody flavor. Longifolene is treated with formic acid to produce a wood-flavor formate. Caryophyllene can be obtained by acetylation of caryophyllene, which is epoxidized to give caryophyllene epoxide, with flower fragrance, and its ketones are aucklandia and ambergris. due to the diversity of various monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes and their isomers in turpentine oil, it can synthesize a variety of products and has a wide range of uses. There are still many new products to be developed and utilized. |
| painting oil diluent | when painting oil, often use turpentine and a little ochre to start or check the outline. Because of the strong volatility of turpentine, it will soon dry. In general color mixing oil. In addition to the main components of linseed oil often add some turpentine, in order to make it easier to dry, but should not be too much, resulting in a dark picture or cracks. |
| Disinfection antiseptic and surgical medication | This product has local irritation and can promote blood circulation. For muscle pain, rheumatic pain and neuralgia. For topical application. Turpentine liniment: containing 65% of turpentine, 7.5% of soft soap, 5% of camphor. |
| health hazards | This product mainly enters the human body in the form of vapor and liquid through the respiratory tract and skin. Part of the original form of the respiratory tract or urine discharge, but most of the combined with glucuronic acid from the urine, and has a violet odor. High concentration of turpentine vapor on the eye, respiratory mucosa irritation; Inhalation of liquid turpentine can cause pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage; Skin contact can cause contact dermatitis and eczema; Splash into the eye can cause corneal burns. Inhalation of very high concentrations can cause central nervous system inhibition, Head Pain, anorexia, Anxiety, excitement, mental confusion and ears; Animal experiments show convulsions, Coma and death. Long-term exposure to higher concentrations of turpentine vapor can also cause kidney and bladder injury, proteinuria, hematuria. The maximum allowable concentration in the air of the workshop is 300mg/m3. |
| precautions for storage | turpentine should be placed in dark bottles, sealed and stored in the dark. Storage time is too long turpentine, if stored poorly, will gradually yellow evaporation, deterioration sticky, can not be used again. |
| uses | mainly used for the synthesis of camphor and borneol, synthetic spices, terpene resin, etc, germicidal disinfectant used as paint solvent, synthetic camphor, adhesive, plastic plasticizer, etc., also used in pharmaceutical, leather industry |
| production method | 1. Rosin turpentine can be obtained by direct distillation of rosin with steam. Ordinary turpentine. With ether, petroleum ether and other chemical solvents from Pine root in the extraction, then by distillation and the turpentine for the extraction of turpentine. The crude turpentine is obtained from the direct distillation of the coniferous wood (pine root and stem) with steam. Crude turpentine by chemical solvent extraction and other chemical treatment to remove impurities, and then by steam distillation to obtain refined turpentine. 4. Extraction of ordinary turpentine ① solid resin of white or light yellow was collected under the flow of the trunk of the pine tree and accumulated in the air-dried mangosteen. And the collected resin, remove the mud, branches, leaves and other impurities. In China, the tree species that can be used for fat collection are Pinus massoniana, Pinus yunnanensis, Simao pine, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus koraiensis and so on. In fact, it is the former 4 kinds, of which the most important is the pine, which provides 95% of the resin. (2) The Rosin was placed in a distillation vessel and heated to distill the rosin. When the temperature reached about 60 °c, the rosin began to melt. When heating is continued to about 140 ℃, steam is generated, and the steam is condensed into light yellow liquid, turpentine, which can smell the special smell of turpentine. The ordinary turpentine was collected in a container. (3) the turpentine temperature should be controlled within 180 ℃. After a period of distillation, when there is no liquid outflow from the condenser tube, the turpentine has been basically distilled. The heating is stopped, and the molten liquid in the distillation vessel is poured into the prepared filtering device while hot, and impurities are filtered out. After the liquid is cooled, a transparent, dark brown solid, I .e., a crude product Rosin, is obtained. With ether, petroleum ether and other chemical solvents from Pine root in the extraction, then by distillation and the turpentine for the extraction of turpentine. The crude turpentine is obtained from the direct distillation of the coniferous wood (pine root and stem) with steam. Crude turpentine by chemical solvent extraction and other chemical treatment to remove impurities, and then by steam distillation to obtain refined turpentine. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | low toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 5760 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | eye-human 175 PPM moderate; Skin-rabbit 500 microliters severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in case of open flame, high temperature and oxidant; combustion-induced smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 560 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 233°C |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 800 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:04
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